学龄前期支气管哮喘患儿哮喘发作情况及与肺表面活性蛋白水平的关系分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2024.12.019

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the correlation between asthma attack frequency and pulmonary surfactant protein(SP) level in preschool children with bronchial asthma(BA). Methods: A total of 112 preschool children with BA (disease group) diagnosed in the hospital from February 2020 to October 2023 were enrolled, and children of disease group were divided into high-frequency subgroup (n=52) and low-frequency subgroup (n=60) based on the asthma attack frequency. At the same time, 60 healthy children of the same age with normal physical examination in our hospital were regarded as the control group. The pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A), pulmonary surfactant protein D (SP-D), Asthma Control Test (ACT) scores, pulmonary function indexes (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV1], forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV1/FVC) were included as comparators between groups. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between asthma attack frequency with SP level and pulmonary function, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to analyze the predictive ability of SP for asthma attack. Results: The disease group had significantly higher SP-A and SP-D levels, and lower ACT score and pulmonary function indexes relative to the control group (all P<0.05). The high-frequency subgroup presented significantly increased SP-A and SP-D levels, decreased ACT score and levels of FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC compared to the low-frequency subgroup (all P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that SP-A, SP-D, FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC were correlated with the asthma attack frequency (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that SP-A and SP-D were independent risk factors for the asthma attack frequency (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis indicated that the area under the curve (AUC) of SP-A and SP-D alone in predicting asthma attack frequency was 0.784 and 0.816, respectively (P<0.05). The AUC combined prediction were 0.984, with the sensitivity of 0.942 and the specificity of 0.950. Conclusion: The asthma attack frequency is closely related to SP level in preschool children with BA. SP level can be used as a predictor of asthma attack frequency. Pulmonary function indicators are useful for assessing the respiratory status, facilitating implementation of early interventions and treatments.

Key words： Bronchial asthma Preschool Pulmonary surfactant protein Asthma attack Biomarkers

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http://www.hbyxzzs.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2024.12.019 OR http://www.hbyxzzs.cn/EN/Y2024/V30/I12/2043

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