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| Significance of Anti-human Globulin (Coombs) Test in Clinical Blood Transfusion |
| CHANG Yun, WEN Zhi, NIE Feng, et al |
| Xuancheng People's Hospital, Anhui Xuancheng 242000, China |
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Abstract Objective: To investigate the significance of anti-human globulin (Coombs) test in clinical blood transfusion. Methods: A total of 85 patients with anemia or low hemoglobin (Hb) level who underwent blood transfusion were enrolled as a study group in Xuancheng People's Hospital from January to December 2023. Sixty patients hospitalized during the same period were selected as a control group. All subjects received anti-human globulin (Coombs) test and direct antibody positive individuals were subjected to typing test. Test results and distribution characteristics were statistically analyzed. Results: There were 41/85 (48.24%) and 1/60 (1.67%) patients with positive results of direct anti-human globulin test in the both groups. The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in anemia or blood transfusion patients with low Hb was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2=37.071, P<0.05). Among the 41 patients with positive results of direct anti-human globulin test, 1/41 (2.44%) of anti-C3d and anti-IgG positive, 39/41 (95.12%) of anti-IgG positive and 1/41 (2.44%) of anti-C3d positive. According to Hb level, the patients included were divided into 6 groups: <50g/L group, 50~59g/L group, 60~69g/L group, 70~79g/L group, 80~90g/L group, and >90 g/L group. The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in the 50~59g/L group was the highest (75.00%). There was no statistically significant difference in positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test among the six groups (P>0.05). The positive rate of direct anti-human globulin test in the 50~59g/L group was significantly higher than that in the >90g/L group (P<0.05).The positive rates in department of gastroenterology (100.00%), oncology (100.00%) and hematopathology (61.54%) were higher. The proportion of patients with positive direct anti-human globulin test from different departments was significantly different (P<0.05). Conclusion: The positive result of Coombs test has a non-negligible effect in patients with anemia, especially for the patients underwent blood transfusion and Hb levels within the range of 50~59g/L from department of gastroenterology, oncology and hematopathology, performing direct anti-human globulin testing and typing during blood transfusion is conducive to ensuring the safety of blood transfusion.
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2025, Vol. 31 
