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| The Effect of Curcumin in Rats with Apical Periodontitis THROUGH the AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway |
| CHEN Bei, ZHANG Jianfen, LIU Yile, et al |
| Shijiazhuang Medical College, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050000, China |
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Abstract Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on inflammation and bone resorption in rats with apical periodontitis (AP) through the AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Methods: The SD rats were divided into a control group, a model group, a curcumin group, and a curcumin + AhR antagonist CH-223191 group, each comprising 12 individuals. The first molar pulp was opened to construct an AP rat model. The control group (normal saline), model group (normal saline), curcumin group (100mg·kg-1·d-1 for gavage), and curcumin + CH-223191 group (100mg·kg-1·d-1 for gavage, 5mg·kg-1·d-1 for intraperitoneal injection) were continuously intervened for 4 weeks. The periapical tissues were scanned to assess their destruction by Micro-CT. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining was used to detect the number of osteoclasts in periapical tissues. Serum TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β levels were detected by ELISA assay. HE staining was used to detect the infiltration of inflammatory cells in rat periapical tissues. The expression of osteoprotectin (OPG), nuclear factor κB receptor activator ligand (RANKL), AhR, p-p65 NF-κB/p65 NF-κB, NLRP3, caspase-1 p20, GSDMD proteins in periapical tissue was detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the control group, the periapical tissue of the model group showed obvious bone resorption, the number of osteoclasts in periapical tissues significantly increased (P<0.05), the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β significantly increased (P<0.05), the number of inflammatory cells in the periapical tissues increased, the expressions of OPG and AhR proteins in periapical tissues significantly down-regulated (P<0.05), the expression of RANKL, p-p65 NF-κB/p65 NF-κB, NLRP3, caspase-1 p20, GSDMD proteins in periapical tissues significantly up-regulated (P<0.05); Compared with the model group, the bone resorption of periapical tissues in the curcumin group reduced, the number of osteoclasts in periapical tissues significantly decreased (P<0.05), the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β significantly decreased (P<0.05), the number of inflammatory cells in the periapical tissues decreased, the expressions of OPG and AhR proteins in periapical tissues significantly up-regulated (P<0.05), the expression of RANKL, p-p65 NF-κB/p65 NF-κB, NLRP3, caspase-1 p20, GSDMD proteins in periapical tissues significantly down-regulated (P<0.05); Compared with the curcumin group, the above indexes in the curcumin+CH-223191 group were significantly reversed (P<0.05). Conclusion: Curcumin reduces bone resorption in periapical tissues of AP rats by inhibiting inflammation, and its mechanism may be related to regulating the AhR/NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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2025, Vol. 31 
