Abstract：Objective: To investigate the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in neonatal rats with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) by adjusting AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) pathway. Methods: Newborn rats were stochastically assigned into the normal group (NC group), NEC model group (NEC group), low-dose SFN group (L-SFN group), high-dose SFN group (H-SFN group), and high-dose SFN+AMPK inhibitor BML-275 group (H-SFN+BML-275 group). Except for the normal group, NEC models were established in all other groups. ELISA was used to detect tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β, and IL-6 in serum. HE staining was used to observe pathological changes in ileocecal intestinal tissue. TUNEL staining was performed to detect apoptosis of ileocecal intestinal tissue cells. Western blot was performed to detect p-AMPK, AMPK, and SIRT1 in ileocecal intestinal tissue. Selective culture medium was used to analyze changes in gut microbiota such as lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, and Escherichia coli in feces. Results: For the NC group, the NEC group showed an increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum of neonatal rats, an increase in the pathological damage score and fluorescence intensity of cell apoptosis in the ileocecal intestinal tissue, a decrease in the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and SIRT1, a decrease in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in feces, and an increase in Escherichia coli (P<0.05). For the NEC group, the L-SFN group and H-SFN group showed a decrease in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum of neonatal rats, a decrease in the pathological damage score and apoptosis fluorescence intensity of the ileocecal intestinal tissue, an increase in the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and SIRT1, an increase in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in feces, and a decrease in Escherichia coli (P<0.05). For the H-SFN group, the H-SFN+BML-275 group showed an increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in serum of neonatal rats, an increase in the pathological damage score and fluorescence intensity of cell apoptosis in the ileocecal intestinal tissue, a decrease in the expression of p-AMPK/AMPK and SIRT1, a decrease in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in feces, and an increase in Escherichia coli (P<0.05). Conclusion: SFN can alleviate intestinal inflammatory response and improve gut microbiota composition in NEC neonatal rats by activating AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, ultimately slowing down the progression of NEC disease.
赵乐, 孙杰, 李海霞, 王晓林, 蔚京京, 冯晅. 萝卜硫素调控AMPK/SIRT1通路对坏死性小肠结肠炎新生大鼠肠道炎症及肠道菌群的影响[J]. 河北医学, 2025, 31(9): 1409-1415.
ZHAO Le, SUN Jie, LI Haixia, et al. Effect of Sulforaphane on Intestinal Inflammation and Gut Microbiota in Neonatal Rats with Necrotizing Enterocolitis by Adjusting AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway. HeBei Med, 2025, 31(9): 1409-1415.
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2025, Vol. 31 
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