Abstract：Objective: To investigate the use of folic acid in pregnant women in early pregnancy and explore its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 155 pregnant women in early pregnancy in the hospital from January 2023 to January 2024 were studied. When they came to the hospital for further consultation at 12 weeks of pregnancy, the questionnaire survey was used to understand their use of folic acid in early pregnancy and general data (age, marriage age, education level, and whether they knew the best use time and effect of folic acid). The level of folic acid in red blood cell was detected, and then pregnant women with differences in using folic acid were grouped. The differences in red blood cell folic acid, pregnancy complications and fetal growth and development were compared. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors for poor folic acid use in pregnant women in early pregnancy. Results: Among 155 pregnant women, 63 cases had poor folic acid use, with the rate of poor folic acid use of 40.65% (63/155). The level of red blood cell folic acid in poor use group was lower than that in good use group, with a statistical significance (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that the education level of high school or below, no pre-pregnancy examination, no awareness of the best time to take folic acid and no awareness of the effect of folic acid were the risk factors for the poor use of folic acid in pregnant women in early pregnancy, with statistical differences (P<0.05). The total number of cases with pregnancy complications was more in poor use group than that in good use group, with a statistical difference (P<0.05). The incidence rate of fetal neural tube defects in poor use group was higher, and the neonatal weight was lower, and the body length and head circumference were shorter than those in good use group, with statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusion: The incidence rate of poor folic acid use is still high in pregnant women in early pregnancy, and risk factors include four items including low education level, no pre-pregnancy examination, no awareness of the best time to take folic acid, and no awareness of the effect of folic acid, which may increase the risk of pregnancy complications and affect the fetal growth and development. Clinically, it is necessary to carry out targeted intervention measures to improve the use of folic acid.
夏宇, 侯艳辉, 李绅, 孙丽梅, 于海燕, 刘丽, 孙梅玲. 孕早期孕妇叶酸使用情况调查及影响因素探究[J]. 河北医学, 2025, 31(10): 1702-1707.
XIA Yu, HOU Yanhui, LI Shen, et al. Use of Folic Acid in Pregnant Women in Early Pregnancy and the Influencing Factors. HeBei Med, 2025, 31(10): 1702-1707.
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2025, Vol. 31 
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