Abstract：Objective: To investigate the effects and molecular mechanisms of Xiangpi Shengji Ointment (XPSJO) on wound healing of postoperative anal fistula in rats by modulating the caveolin-1 (CAV1)/transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) signaling pathway. Methods: A rat model of postoperative anal fistula was established by infecting the wound with Escherichia coli suspension. The rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=10 each): model group, Kangfuxin Liquid (KFXL) group, and XPSJO group. Each group received corresponding interventions once daily for 14 consecutive days. Wound healing rates were calculated on days 7 and 14 respectively. Twenty-four hours after the last intervention, serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured by ELISA. Histopathological changes and collagen deposition in wound tissues were assessed by HE and Masson staining. Microvessel density (MVD) was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Protein expression of CAV1, TGF-β1, and HIF-1α in wound tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, both KFXL and XPSJO group exhibited significantly increased wound healing rate on days 7 and 14 (P<0.05), reduced serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α (P<0.05), alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and edema, and meanwhile exhibited increased collagen deposition rate, MVD, and protein expression levels of CAV1, TGF-β1, and HIF-1α (P<0.05). Notably, the therapeutic effects of XPSJO were more pronounced than those of KFXL (P<0.05). Conclusion: Xiangpi Shengji Ointment can promote wound healing in rats after anal fistula surgery by enhancing collagen deposition and angiogenesis, and reducing inflammatory responses. The underlying molecular mechanism may be associated with the activation of the CAV1/TGF-β1/HIF-1α signaling pathway.
段文丽, 翦闽涛, 韩秀芳, 唐运媛, 罗芙蓉. 基于CAV1/TGF-β1/HIF-1α信号通路探讨象皮生肌膏对肛瘘术后创面修复的分子机制[J]. 河北医学, 2026, 32(2): 197-203.
DUAN Wenli, JIAN Mintao, HAN Xiufang, et al. Study on Molecular Mechanism of Xiangpi Shengji Ointment on Post-Anal Fistula Surgery Wound Repair Based on the CAV1/TGF-β 1/HIF-1α Signaling Pathway. HeBei Med, 2026, 32(2): 197-203.
2026, Vol. 32 
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