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| Yishentongluo Formula Regulates the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR Signaling Pathway to Improve Renal Function in Rats with Nephrotic Syndrome |
| ZHENG Jinmei, WANG Xinai, LIU Zhao, et al |
| Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050000, China |
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Abstract Objective: To investigate the effects of Yishentongluo formula on renal function in rats with nephrotic syndrome by regulating the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Methods: Forty SPF-grade SD rats were selected, with 10 rats serving as the control group. The remaining 30 rats were used to establish a nephrotic syndrome model, and 24 rats were successfully modeled. These were divided into three groups: model group (n=8), drug control group (n=8, treated with 6.45 mg/kg prednisone acetate), and Yishentongluo formula group (n=8, treated with 26.44 g/kg Yishentongluo formula). The control and model groups received normal saline by gavage. All treatments were administered for 4 weeks. After euthanasia, thyroid function was assessed using HE staining and radioimmunoassay, renal function was measured by biuret colorimetry, serum inflammatory factors and bone metabolism markers were detected by ELISA, and CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR pathway mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results: Compared to the control group, the model group exhibited decreased levels of T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX, and reduced CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, while TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression were increased (P<0.05). Compared to the model group, the drug control group showed increased levels of T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX, and elevated CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, while TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression were decreased (P<0.05). Compared to the drug control group, the Yishentongluo formula group demonstrated further increases in T3, T4, IL-10, PINP, PTH, β-CTX levels, and CAMKK2 and AMPK mRNA and protein expression, with further reductions in TSH, urea nitrogen, creatinine, urinary protein, IL-1β, TNF-α levels, and mTOR mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05). Conclusion: Yishentongluo formula improves renal function, thyroid function, and suppresses inflammatory factor expression in rats with nephrotic syndrome, potentially through modulation of the CAMKK2/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. This formula demonstrates significant therapeutic efficacy.
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2025, Vol. 31 
