Abstract：Objective: To explore the relationship between the expression of serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in elderly patients with esophageal cancer and their nutritional status and prognosis. Methods: A total of 117 elderly patients with esophageal cancer (case group) and 117 elderly healthy individuals (control group) admitted to our hospital from February 2019 to February 2021 were selected as the research subjects. The expression levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 in the serum of elderly patients with esophageal cancer were detected by ELISA, and the relationship between the two and clinical pathological characteristics was analyzed; the correlation between the levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 and nutritional status indicators [Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) score, Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)] were analyzed by Spearman method; Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of death in elderly patients with esophageal cancer; the value of GDF-15 and FGF23 in predicting the prognosis of elderly patients with esophageal cancer was analyzed by ROC curve. Results: Compared with the control group, the levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 and the NRS-2002 and PG-SGA scores in the case group were increased (P<0.05). The expression levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 were related to lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P<0.05). The results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that GDF-15 was positively correlated with NRS-2002 and PG-SGA scores (P<0.05), and FGF23 was positively correlated with NRS-2002 and PG-SGA scores (P<0.05). The expression levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 and the NRS-2002 and PG-SGA scores in the death group were higher than those in the survival group (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that lymph node metastasis, GDF-15, and FGF23 were risk factors affecting the prognosis of death in elderly patients with esophageal cancer (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUCs of GDF-15 and FGF23 levels in predicting the prognosis of death in patients were 0.878 and 0.767, respectively, and the AUC of the combined prediction of the two was 0.920, which was greater than the AUCs of the two predictions alone (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression levels of GDF-15 and FGF23 in the serum of elderly patients with esophageal cancer are elevated, and their expression levels are related to lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, and nutritional status. The combination of the two can be used as an effective serological detection tool to predict the prognosis of patients.
薛茜, 田瑞媛. 老年食管癌患者血清GDF-15 FGF23表达与营养状态及预后的关系[J]. 河北医学, 2025, 31(6): 896-901.
XUE Qian, TIAN Ruiyuan. Relationship between Serum GDF-15 and FGF23 Expression with Nutritional Status and Prognosis in Elderly Esophageal Cancer Patients. HeBei Med, 2025, 31(6): 896-901.
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2025, Vol. 31 
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