Abstract：Objective: To study the surgical effect of cryoballoon ablation (CBA) in treating paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF) and explore the risk factors of postoperative recurrence (PR). Methods: Adopting a retrospective analysis, 148 patients with PAF who received CBA in Dongguan People' s Hospital were selected from January 2021 to June 2023, and another 51 patients who adopted radiofrequency ablation (RFCA) were collected. The surgical effect was compared. The patients were followed up for 12 months after surgery, and the risk factors of PR in CBA patients were analyzed. Results: At 12 months after surgery, no statistical differences were exhibited in the PR rate and incidence rates of surgical complications between the CBA group and the RFCA group (P>0.05). The surgical time with (119.26±28.49) min in the CBA group was shorter than (175.20±31.36) min in the RFCA group (P<0.05). At 12 months of follow-up after surgery, 38 cases (25.68%) had PR. Monocyte, left atrial diameter (LAD), mean lowest temperature and time to isolation (TTI) in the PR group were higher than those in the Non-PR group while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower (P<0.05). After logistic regression analysis, high LAD [OR(95%CI)=3.146 (1.559~6.345)], high mean lowest temperature [OR(95%CI)=1.624 (1.061~2.485)] and long TTI [OR(95%CI)=2.593 (1.385~4.856)] were independent influencing factors of PR (P<0.05). Conclusion: The clinical efficacy and safety of CBA in the treatment of PAF are similar to RFCA, and CBA has shorter surgical time. The LAD, mean lowest temperature of CBA and TTI may be related to the PR of patients with PAF.
2025, Vol. 31 
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