Abstract：Objective: To investigate the mechanism of tetrahydropalmatine in modulating Treg cell function to alleviate chronic pain in the spinal dorsal horn. Methods: A chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of the sciatic nerve was established. Rats were divided into a model group, a tetrahydropalmatine (64 mg/kg) group, and a positive drug (pregabalin, 30mg/kg) group, with normal rats serving as a sham-operated group (n=10 per group). Rat behavioral changes were assessed. ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the spinal dorsal horn. Fluorescent staining was used to measure the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the spinal dorsal horn. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the spinal dorsal horn. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the proportion of Treg cells in the rat spleen. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of TNFR2 in the spinal dorsal horn. Results: Compared with the sham-operated group, the model group showed decreased mechanical withdrawal threshold and a reduced proportion of Treg cells among CD4+ T cells (P<0.05), indicating exacerbated pain. The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6, as well as the expression levels of MDA, ROS, and GFAP protein in the spinal dorsal horn, were all increased, while the expression levels of SOD and TNFR2 protein were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the tetrahydropalmatine group and the positive drug group showed increased mechanical withdrawal threshold and an increased proportion of Treg cells among CD4+ T cells (P<0.05), indicating pain relief. The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6, as well as the expression levels of MDA, ROS, and GFAP protein in the spinal dorsal horn, were all decreased, while the expression levels of SOD and TNFR2 protein were increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Tetrahydropalmatine may exert its analgesic effects by regulating Treg cell function, inhibiting the inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the spinal dorsal horn of CCI rats, and upregulating the expression of TNFR2 protein.
王胜辉, 姚伟伟, 刘雪娟, 张海涛, 刘海亚. 探讨延胡索乙素调控Treg细胞功能对慢性疼痛的作用机制邯郸市科学技术研究与发展计划项目,(编号:24422083015ZC)[J]. 河北医学, 2026, 32(2): 219-225.
WANG Shenghui, YAO Weiwei, LIU Xuejuan, et al. Mechanism of Tetrahydropalmatine Modulating Treg Cell Function in Chronic Pain. HeBei Med, 2026, 32(2): 219-225.
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2026, Vol. 32 
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