多囊卵巢综合征患者血清Nesfatin-1 Omentin-1的表达及其与胰岛素抵抗的关系

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2025.09.029

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Abstract Objective: To investigate the expression of serum Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1 in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and their relationship with insulin resistance (IR). Methods: From January 2023 to June 2024, 93 PCOS patients who received treatment in our hospital were included as the study group. According to the steady-state model of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), they were separated into a combined IR group of 42 cases and a non IR group of 51 cases. 58 healthy individuals who underwent physical examinations were included as the control group, and general data were collected. Fully automatic biochemical analyzer was applied to analyze serum biochemical indicators. ELISA method was applied to detect serum Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1. Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the serum levels of Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1 in the study group, and their correlation with IR related indicators. Logistic regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of insulin resistance in PCOS patients. ROC curve was applied to analyze the diagnostic value of serum fasting insulin (FINS), Nesfatin-1, and Omentin-1 levels for insulin resistance in PCOS patients. Results: Compared to the control group, the research group exhibited significantly higher BMI (27.55±2.46 VS 23.28±2.07), waist-to-hip ratio (0.86±0.13 VS 0.78±0.11), FBG (4.79±1.23 VS 3.64±0.72), FINS (13.49±2.56 VS 9.62±2.05), HOMA-IR (2.93±0.74 VS 1.56±0.31), TC (4.36±0.93 VS 3.95±0.85), TG (2.26±0.55 VS 1.46±0.26), and LDL-C (2.95±0.45 VS 2.48±0.39). Meanwhile, the expression levels of HDL-C (1.14±0.25 VS 1.28±0.29), Nesfatin-1 (18.27±4.39 VS 29.83±6.88), and Omentin-1 (64.59±8.39 VS 82.16±14.88) were notably lower in the research group than in the control group (t=2.722~13.373, P＜0.05). The BMI (26.23±2.04 VS 28.64±2.37), waist-to-hip ratio (0.82±0.09 VS 0.89±0.11), FBG (3.88±0.86 VS 5.54±1.14), FINS (11.76±1.55 VS 14.91±2.24), HOMA-IR (2.03±0.64 VS 3.67±0.92), TC (4.15±0.69 VS 4.53±0.77), TG (2.06±0.38 VS 2.42±0.50), and LDL-C (2.83±0.31 VS 3.05±0.37) in the non-IR group were significantly lower than those in the combined IR group. Meanwhile, HDL-C (1.27±0.22 VS 1.03±0.18), Nesfatin-1 (20.65±3.16 VS 16.31±2.87), and Omentin-1 (71.94±7.72 VS 58.54±6.97) were significantly higher in the non-IR group than in the combined IR group (t=2.481~9.765, P＜0.05). Pearson analysis revealed that serum levels of Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1 were negatively correlated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, FBG, FINS, TG, and LDL-C (r=-0.429, -0.495, -0.447, -0.378, -0.439, P<0.05) (r=-0.408, -0.508, -0.435, -0.632, -0.412, -0.419, P<0.05), positively correlated with HDL-C (r=0.445, P<0.05) (r=0.429, P<0.05), and positively correlated between Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1 levels (r=0.485, P<0.05). Logistic analysis indicated that FINS [OR/95% CI=2.631 (1.051~6.584)], Nesfatin-1 [OR/95% CI=0.589 (0.430~0.808)], and Omentin-1 [OR/95% CI=0.697 (0.541~0.898)] were influencing factors of insulin resistance (IR) in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)(P<0.05). ROC analysis showed that the AUC of FINS, Nesfatin-1, and Omentin-1 levels for diagnosing IR in PCOS patients was 0.866, 0.871, and 0.869, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnosis of the three was 0.953, which was obviously higher than that of the individual diagnosis (Z triple combination - FINS=2.069, P=0.039; Z triple combination - Nesfatin-1=2.037, P=0.042; Z triple combination - Omentin-1=1.998, P=0.046). Conclusion: Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) exhibit downregulation of Nesfatin-1 and Omentin-1 levels, and their changes are closely correlated with insulin resistance (IR). The combined detection of these two factors and fasting insulin (FINS) levels holds high diagnostic value for PCOS combined with IR.

Key words： Polycystic ovary syndrome Nesfatin-1 Omentin-1 Insulin resistance

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http://www.hbyxzzs.cn/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1006-6233.2025.09.029 OR http://www.hbyxzzs.cn/EN/Y2025/V31/I9/1573

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